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Afterpulsing studies of low-noise InGaAs/InP single-photon negative-feedback avalanche diodes

机译:低噪声InGaAs / InP单光子负反馈雪崩二极管的后脉冲研究

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摘要

We characterise the temporal evolution of the afterpulse probability in a free-running negative-feedback avalanche diode (NFAD) over an extended range, from ns to ms. This is possible thanks to an extremely low dark count rate on the order of 1 cps at 10% efficiency, achieved by operating the NFAD at temperatures as low as 143 K. Experimental results in a large range of operating temperatures (223–143 K) are compared with a legacy afterpulsing model based on multiple trap families at discrete energy levels, which is found to be lacking in physical completeness. Subsequently, we expand on a recent proposal which considers a continuous spectrum of traps by introducing well-defined edges to the spectrum, which are experimentally observed.
机译:我们描述了在从ns到ms的扩展范围内自由运行的负反馈雪崩二极管(NFAD)中后脉冲概率的时间演变。通过在低至143 K的温度下运行NFAD,可以以10%的效率实现大约1 cps的极低暗计数率,这是有可能的。在较大的工作温度范围(223–143 K)中进行实验的结果将其与基于多个陷阱族的离散能量水平的传统后脉冲模型进行了比较,发现该模型缺乏物理完整性。随后,我们扩展了最近的提议,该提议考虑了陷阱的连续光谱,方法是通过向光谱中引入清晰定义的边沿来进行实验观察。

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